Guides/What Does VLOOKUP Formula Return?
    VLOOKUP Basics

    What Does VLOOKUP Formula Return?

    Learn exactly what values VLOOKUP returns and understand its output in different scenarios.

    Complete Guide

    Everything you need to know about what does vlookup formula return?

    Overview

    VLOOKUP returns the value from a specified column in the same row as the matched lookup value. The return value can be text, numbers, dates, or even formulas, depending on what's stored in the target cell. Understanding what VLOOKUP returns helps you predict and control your formula outcomes.

    Exact Match Returns

    When VLOOKUP finds an exact match (using FALSE for range_lookup), it returns the precise value from the specified column. This could be text, numbers, dates, or any other data type stored in that cell.

    Excel Formula
    =VLOOKUP("A001",A:D,3,FALSE)
    // Returns exact value from column C where A001 is found in column A

    Approximate Match Returns

    With approximate match (TRUE), VLOOKUP returns the value corresponding to the largest value that is less than or equal to the lookup value. This is useful for range lookups like tax brackets or grade scales.

    Excel Formula
    =VLOOKUP(85,A:B,2,TRUE)
    // For grade lookup: returns 'B' if 85 falls in the 80-89 range

    Error Returns

    VLOOKUP returns #N/A when no match is found, #REF! when column index exceeds table range, #VALUE! for invalid arguments, and #NAME? for syntax errors.

    Excel Formula
    Common VLOOKUP errors:
    #N/A - No match found
    #REF! - Invalid column number
    #VALUE! - Wrong data type

    Data Type Preservation

    VLOOKUP preserves the original data type and formatting of the returned value. Numbers remain numbers, dates stay as dates, and text returns as text. However, cell formatting may not transfer unless specifically applied.

    Best Practices

    • Always specify FALSE for exact matches unless you need approximate matching
    • Use IFERROR() to handle #N/A returns gracefully
    • Verify that your column index number is within the table range
    • Check data types in both lookup and return columns for consistency
    📖 1 min read📊 Beginner level🎯 4 key concepts

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    Common questions about what does vlookup formula return?

    Key Takeaways

    • Understand the core concepts and syntax of what does vlookup formula return?
    • Apply best practices to avoid common errors and improve formula reliability
    • Use real-world examples to practice and reinforce your learning
    • Master the fundamental building blocks of VLOOKUP
    • Recognize when and where to use VLOOKUP effectively
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